


Chief Editors

Dr. Jyotirmoy Pal
MD, FRCP, FACP, FICP, WHO Fellow
Dean, Indian College of Physicians Professor, Department of General Medicine, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal

Dr. Shashank Joshi
MD, DM, FICP, FICN, FRCP (Lon., Edin., Glasg.), FACP
Past President, API Past Dean, ICP, Mumbai, Maharashtra Adjunct Faculty, Jaipur National University and JSS, Mysore Consultant Endocrinologist, Lilavati, Sir HN Reliance and Joshi Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Advisory Editors

Dr. Girish Mathur
MD (Medicine), FICP, FIACM, FACP, FRCP (Lon., Glasg., Edin.), FRSSDI, FDI
President, Association of Physicians of India Senior Consultant, Internal Medicine Kota, Rajasthan

Dr. Gurpreet Singh Wander
MD, DM, FACC, FAMS
Director, Physicians Research Foundation, API, India Professor and Head of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab
Associate Editors

Dr. Nandini Chatterjee
MD, FRCP (Glasg.), FICP
Joint Secretary, API (Dean's Place) Editor, JIMA; Editor, Bengal Journal Co-Chief Editor, Mc Master Textbook of Internal Medicine, SA Edition Professor, Department of Medicine, IPGMER/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal

Dr. Jimit Vadgama
MD (Medicine), C.DIAB
Member, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist, USA Former Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat Consultant, Endocrine, Diabetes and Metabolic Physician, Surat, Gujarat

Dr. Priyanka Shah
MD (Medicine), MRCP (Endo.), RCP (Edin.)
Fellowship, Endocrinology and Diabetes Ex-Associate Professor, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat
Chief Editor

Dr. Jyotirmoy Pal
MD, FRCP, FACP, FICP, WHO Fellow
Dean, Indian College of Physicians Professor, Department of General Medicine, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal
Chief Editor

Dr. Shashank Joshi
MD, DM, FICP, FICN, FRCP (Lon., Edin., Glasg.), FACP
Past President, API Past Dean, ICP, Mumbai, Maharashtra Adjunct Faculty, Jaipur National University and JSS, Mysore Consultant Endocrinologist, Lilavati, Sir HN Reliance and Joshi Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Advisory Editor

Dr. Girish Mathur
MD (Medicine), FICP, FIACM, FACP, FRCP (Lon., Glasg., Edin.), FRSSDI, FD
President, Association of Physicians of India Senior Consultant, Internal Medicine Kota, Rajasthan
Advisory Editor

Dr. Gurpreet Singh Wander
MD, DM, FACC, FAMS
Director, Physicians Research Foundation, API, India Professor and Head of Cardiology, Hero DMC Heart Institute, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab
Associate Editor

Dr. Nandini Chatterjee
MD, FRCP (Glasg.), FICP
Joint Secretary, API (Dean's Place) Editor, JIMA; Editor, Bengal Journal Co-Chief Editor, Mc Master Textbook of Internal Medicine, SA Edition Professor, Department of Medicine, IPGMER/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal
Associate Editor

Dr. Jimit Vadgama
MD (Medicine), C.DIAB
Member, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist, USA Former Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat Consultant, Endocrine, Diabetes and Metabolic Physician, Surat, Gujarat
Associate Editor

Dr. Priyanka Shah
MD (Medicine), MRCP (Endo.), RCP (Edin.)
Fellowship, Endocrinology and Diabetes Ex-Associate Professor, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat
Section Editors & Contributors
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Key Features
Medicine MD adopts a case-based systemic approach towards a comprehensive range of medical specialties, equipping postgraduates with essential clinical skills.
Case-based Systemic Approach as per NMC Curriculum
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Table of Content
-
1. General Examination
- 1.1. General Principles of History Taking
- 1.2. Principles of General Examination and First Impression
- 1.3. Pallor
- 1.4. Cyanosis
- 1.5. Jaundice
-
1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Anatomy and Function of Cerebellum
- 1.2. Cross-section of Brainstem
- 1.3. Cross-section of Spinal Cord at Different Levels
- 1.4. Anatomy and Physiology of Language and Speech Disorders
- 1.5. Physiology and Disorders of Micturition
-
1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Cardiac Cycle
- 1.2. Electrophysiological Pathways
- 1.3. Coronary Circulation of Heart
- 1.4. Auscultation of the Heart
- 1.5. Electrocardiography Basics
-
1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Gut Mucosal Immunology and Inflammation
- 1.2. The Enteric Microbiota
-
2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to Chronic Abdominal Pain
- 2.2. Approach to Chronic Diarrhea

TOP DOC BANE WOHI,
JISKA GUIDE HO SAHI.
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Notes

Table of Content
- 1. General Examination
- 1.1. General Principles of History Taking
- 1.2. Principles of General Examination and First Impression
- 1.3. Pallor
- 1.4. Cyanosis
- 1.5. Jaundice
- 1.6. Edema
- 1.7. Clubbing
- 1.8. Blood Pressure
- 1.9. Pulse
- 1.10. Respiration
- 1.11. Temperature
- 1.12. Jugular Venous Pressure
- 1.13. Thyroid
- 1.14. Lymph Node
- 1.15. Nutrition Anthropometric Evaluation
- 1.16. Nutrition
- 1.17. Skin, Hair and Nail
- 1.18. Face
- 1.19. Mental Status Examination
- 2. Systemic Examination
- 2.1. History Taking in Cardiology
- 2.2. Physical Examination in Cardiology
- 2.3. Clinical Examination in Cardiology
- 2.4. History Taking in Neurology
- 2.5. Examination of Higher Mental Function
- 2.6. Examination of Cranial Nerves
- 2.7. Examination of Motor System and Coordination
- 2.8. Examination of Sensory and Autonomic Nervous System
- 2.9. History Taking and Examination of Lymphoreticular System
- 2.10. History Taking and Clinical Examination in Respiratory Medicine
- 2.11. History Taking and Clinical Examination in Gastroenterology
- 2.12. History Taking and Examination in Rheumatology
- 2.13. History Taking and Examination in Renal System
- 2.14. History Taking and Examination in Geriatric Medicine
- 2.15. History Taking and Physical Examination in Critically Ill Patients
- 2.16. History taking and examination of a Diabetic Patient (Coming Soon)
- 2.17. History Taking and Approach to a Patient with Psychiatric Illness
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Anatomy and Function of Cerebellum
- 1.2. Cross-section of Brainstem
- 1.3. Cross-section of Spinal Cord at Different Levels
- 1.4. Anatomy and Physiology of Language and Speech Disorders
- 1.5. Physiology and Disorders of Micturition
- 1.6. Functional Anatomy and Assessment of Autonomic Nervous System
- 1.7. Descending and Ascending Tracts of Spinal Cord
- 1.8. Anatomy of Basal Ganglia and Pathological Manifestations
- 1.9. Blood Circulation of Brain
- 1.10. Anatomy of Eye Movement and Pupillary Pathways
- 1.11. Cranial Nerve Nuclei in the Medulla and Medullary Syndromes
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to Myelopathy
- 2.2. A Case of Quadriparesis
- 2.3. A Case of Ataxia
- 2.4. Approach to Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies
- 2.5. Case Based Discussion on Intermittent Weakness
- 2.6. A Case of Hemiplegia
- 2.7. A Case of Diplopia and Ptosis
- 2.8. A Case-based Approach to Peripheral Neuropathy
- 2.9. Parkinson's Disease
- 2.10. Approach to a Case of Myopathy
- 2.11. A Case of Recurrent Convulsion
- 2.12. Approach to Movement Disorders
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. Bell's Palsy
- 3.2. Approach to Ptosis
- 3.3. 6th Cranial Nerve Palsy
- 3.4. Dysarthria
- 3.5. Claw Hand, Hand Drop and Foot Drop
- 3.6. Tremors
- 3.7. Bedside Clinical Approach to Tremors
- 3.8. Myopathy
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Cardiac Cycle
- 1.2. Electrophysiological Pathways
- 1.3. Coronary Circulation of Heart
- 1.4. Auscultation of the Heart
- 1.5. Electrocardiography Basics
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Mitral Valve Disorders
- 2.2. Aortic Stenosis and Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstructions
- 2.3. A Case of Aortic Regurgitation: Anatomy, Etiology and Pathophysiology
- 2.4. A Case of Aortic Regurgitation: Clinical Findings and Management
- 2.5. Mitral and Organic Tricuspid Valve Diseases
- 2.6. Non-pulmonary Hypertensive Tricuspid Regurgitation
- 2.7. Approach to a 15-year-old with Congenital Heart Disease
- 2.8. Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva and Continuous Murmur
- 2.9. Atrial Septal Defect
- 2.10. Ventricular Septal Defect
- 2.11. A Case of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
- 2.12. A Case of Congestive Heart Failure
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. Mitral Stenosis
- 3.2. Valvular Aortic Stenosis
- 3.3. Aortic Regurgitation
- 3.4. Mitral Regurgitation
- 3.5. Tetralogy of Fallot
- 3.6. Acyanotic Congenital Heart diseases (ASD, VSD and PDA)
- 4. Decision Making
- 4.1. Post-myocardial Infarction Angina
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Gut Mucosal Immunology and Inflammation
- 1.2. The Enteric Microbiota
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to Chronic Abdominal Pain
- 2.2. Approach to Chronic Diarrhea
- 2.3. Diarrhea in Immunocompromised Patients
- 2.4. Management of Non-Variceal Gastro-intestinal Bleed: Case Based Discussion
- 2.5. Approach to a Patient with Hematochezia
- 2.6. Approach to a Patient with Obscure Gastro-intestinal Bleed
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. Caput Medusae
- 3.2. Approach to Jaundice with Anasarca
- 3.3. Lump in Abdomen
- 4. Decision Making
- 4.1. Acute Pancreatitis
- 4.2. Tropical Diarrhea and Malabsorption
- 4.3. Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
- 4.4. Intestinal Ulcers
- 4.5. Chronic Pancreatitis
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Anatomy of Liver and it's Segments
- 1.2. Portal Hemodynamics in Health and Disease
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to a Patient with Jaundice
- 2.2. Approach to a Patient with New Onset Ascites
- 2.3. Approach to a Patient with Firm Hepatomegaly
- 2.4. Clinical Approach to a Patient with Jaundice and Ascites
- 2.5. Clinical Approach to a Patient with Upper Gastro-intestinal Bleed
- 2.6. Approach to a Patient with Upper Abdominal Pain and Jaundice
- 2.7. Approach to a Patient with Cholestasis
- 3. Decision Making
- 3.1. Post-operative Management of Liver Transplantation
- 3.2. Pre-operative Evaluation in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
- 3.3. Management of Hepatitis B
- 3.4. Assessment and Therapy in Alcohol Associated Liver Disease
- 3.5. Risk Stratification and Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases
- 3.6. Endoscopic and Radiologic Biliary Intervention
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Disorders of Calcium
- 1.2. Disorders of Pituitary Axis
- 1.3. Anatomy and Physiology of Thyroid Gland
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. Diabetic Foot (Coming Soon)
- 3.2. Diabetic Retinopathy (Coming Soon)
- 3.3. Case of acromegaly (Coming Soon)
- 3.4. Case of Hirsutism (Coming Soon)
- 3.5. A case of short stature (Coming Soon)
- 3.6. Cushing's Syndrome
- 3.7. Approach to a Patient with Goitre
- 3.8. Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Cancer
- 3.9. Addison's Disease
- 3.10. Proptosis
- 3.11. Approach to a Patient with Hypothyroidism
- 4. Decision Making
- 4.1. Diagnosis of People Living with Diabetes
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Alveolar Anatomy Alveolar Gas Exchange
- 1.2. Tissue Oxygenation and Oxygen Hemoglobin Dissociation Curve
- 1.3. Lung Mechanics and Control of Respiration
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to a Case of Pleural effusion
- 2.2. A Case of Pneumothorax
- 2.3. A Case of Hydropneumothorax
- 2.4. A Case of Fibrosis of Lung
- 2.5. A Case of Interstitial Lung Disease
- 2.6. A Case of Progressive Shortness of Breath
- 2.7. A Case of Acute Onset of Shortness of Breath
- 2.8. A Case of Superior Vena Cava Obstruction
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. A Case of Pleural Effusion
- 3.2. A Case of Pneumothorax
- 3.3. Pulmonary Fibrosis
- 3.4. Interstitial lung disease
- 3.5. Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
- 1. Clinical Scenarios
- 1.1. Fever with lymphadenopathy
- 1.2. A Case of Fever and Jaundice
- 1.3. Fever with Rash
- 1.4. Fever with Hepatorenal Syndrome
- 1.5. A Diagnostic Approach to Fever with Hepatopulmonary Syndrome
- 1.6. Dengue: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology and Management of Shock
- 1.7. Fever with Hepatosplenomegaly: Leptospirosis, Scrub Typhus, Malaria and Enteric Fever
- 1.8. HIV Infection: A Case
- 1.9. Approach to Fever and Dyspnea
- 1.10. Chronic hepatitis - A case of abdominal and pedal swelling in an IV drug abuser
- 1.11. Mucormycosis
- 1.12. Challenges in the Management of Enteric Fever
- 1.13. Challenges in the Therapy of Visceral Leishmaniasis
- 1.14. Challenges in the Management of Malaria
- 1.15. Management of Tuberculosis
- 2. Decision Making
- 2.1. A Case of Acute Encephalitic Syndrome
- 2.2. Infection in a Cirrhotic Patient
- 1. Long Case Discussions
- 1.1. Approach to Joint Pains
- 1.2. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Differential Diagnosis and Management
- 1.3. Approach to a Young Male with Inflammatory Back Pain
- 1.4. Approach to a Middle Aged Man with Big Toe Pain
- 1.5. Approach to a a 65-year-old Woman with Knee Pains
- 1.6. Approach to a young girl with fever, arthritis and rash
- 1.7. Raynaud's Phenomenon
- 1.8. Approach to Recurrent Deep Vein Thrombosis
- 1.9. Vasculitis: Clinician's Perspective
- 1.10. Approach to a Case of Inflammatory Myositis
- 2. Short Case Discussions
- 2.1. Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2.2. Scleroderma
- 2.3. Ankylosing Spondylitis
- 2.4. A Lady with Butterfly Rash
- 2.5. Dermatomyositis
- 2.6. A Case of Deep Vein Thrombosis
- 3. Decision Making
- 3.1. Rheumatoid Hand
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Hematopoiesis in Health and Disease
- 1.2. Coagulation Pathways
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to a Case of Fever and Hepatosplenomegaly: Hematology Perspective
- 2.2. Approach to a Case of Anemia
- 2.3. Approach to a Case of Gum Bleeding and Purpura
- 2.4. Approach to a Patient with Bleeding, but Normal 1st Line Coagulogram
- 2.5. Approach to a Patient with Neutropenia
- 2.6. Approach to Case of Lymphoma
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. Massive Splenomegaly
- 3.2. Congenital Hemolytic Anemia
- 3.3. Diagnostic Approach to Lymphadenopathy
- 4. Decision Making
- 4.1. Leukemias
- 4.2. Multiple Myeloma
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Microscopic Anatomy and Function of Nephron
- 1.2. Drug Metabolism and Drug Dose Modification in Renal Diseases
- 2. Long Case Discussions
- 2.1. Approach to an Adult with Anasarca
- 2.2. Acute Kidney Injury
- 2.3. Chronic Kidney Disease
- 3. Short Case Discussions
- 3.1. Nephrotic Syndrome
- 4. Decision Making
- 4.1. Urinary Tract Infection in an Old Man
- 4.2. Renal Replacement Therapy
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Changing Physiology in Elderly
- 1.2. Changing Metabolism of Drugs in Elderly
- 2. Decision Making
- 2.1. Memory Impairment
- 2.2. Recurrent Falls
- 2.3. Geriatric Giants
- 2.4. Polypharmacy
- 2.5. Frailty Syndrome
- 2.6. Urinary Incontinence
- 1. Clinical Scenarios
- 1.1. Leprosy
- 1.2. Bullous Diseases
- 1.3. Vitiligo
- 1.4. Cutaneous Manifestations of Internal Disorders
- 1.5. Psoriasis
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Electrolyte Abnormalities in Critically Ill Patients
- 1.2. Basics of Fluid Therapy
- 2. Decision Making
- 2.1. Sepsis: Pathophysiology and Management
- 2.2. Understanding Non-invasive and Invasive Ventilator
- 2.3. Management of Shock
- 2.4. Coma
- 2.5. Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- 2.6. End of Life Care in ICU
- 2.7. Acid-Base Disorders
- 2.8. Hypoxia and Oxygen Therapy
- 2.9. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. General Approach to Poisoning
- 2. Decision Making
- 2.1. Ethyl Alcohol Poisoning
- 2.2. Methyl Alcohol Poisoning
- 2.3. Organophosphorous Poisoning
- 2.4. Management of Snake Bite
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Basics of Immunology
- 1.2. Basics of Allergy
- 2. Decision Making
- 2.1. Approach to Allergic Rhinitis
- 1. Basic Sciences
- 1.1. Ageing and Telomere Physiology
- 2. Clinical Scenarios
- 2.1. Mitochondrial Disorders
- 2.2. Chromosomal Disorders
- 1. Procedures
- 1.1. Gastric Lavage
- 1.2. Endotracheal Intubation
- 1.3. Bladder Catheterization
- 1.4. Bone Marrow Aspiration
- 1.5. Lumbar Puncture
- 1.6. Oxygen therapy and Delivery Systems
- 1.7. Spirometry
- 1.8. Peak Flow Meter
- 2. Investigations
- 2.1. Peripheral Blood Smears
- 2.2. Interpretation of Renal Function Test
- 2.3. Interpretation of Liver Function Tests
- 2.4. Laboratory diagnosis of Infectious diseases
- 2.5. Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
- 2.6. A Case-based Approach to Cardiac biomarkers
- 2.7. Cardiac Arrhythmia
- 1. Special Conditions
- 1.1. Anti-malarial Drugs
- 1.2. Anti-viral Drugs
- 1.3. Anti-retroviral Drugs
- 1.4. Thyroid Hormone
- 1.5. Anti-fungal Drugs
- 1.6. Disease-Modifying Anti-rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)
- 1.7. Biologics and Biosimilars
- 1.8. Anti-hypertensive Drugs
- 1.9. Anti-diabetic Drugs
- 1.10. Anti-coagulant Drugs
- 1.11. Anti-arrhythmic Drugs
- 1.12. Anti-thrombotic and Fibrinolytic Drugs
- 1.13. Anti-platelet Drugs
- 1.14. Anti-epileptic Drugs
- 1.15. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy
- 1.16. Phases of Clinical Trials and New Drugs in the Pipeline
- 1.17. Drug Allergy: An Insight
- 1.18. Drug-induced Liver Injury
- 1.19. Anti-tubercular Drugs
- 1. Methodology
- 1.1. How to Design a Study?
- 1.2. An Overview of Biostatistics
- 2. Publication
- 2.1. How to Write an Original Article?
- 1. Publication
- 1.1. Tinea Infection and Nail Pathology
- 1.2. Alopecia Areata and Discoid Lupur Erythematosus (DLE)
- 1.3. Diabetic Retinopathy
- 1.4. SVC Syndrome
- 1.5. Malar Rash
- 1.6. Miscellaneous
- 1.7. X-rays
- 1.8. Electrocardiography (ECG)
- 1.9. Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)
- 1.10. Computed Tomography (CT)/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- 1.11. Data Interpretation